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README.md
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README.md
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# Gitea Multi-Instance for Ubuntu 24.04 Server
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[](#)
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[](./LICENSE)
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Automated Bash installer script for deploying **multiple isolated Gitea instances** on Ubuntu 24.04 Server.
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This is a **production-focused installer**, not a demo.
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It assumes Nginx and MariaDB are already installed and running.
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---
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## Related Installers
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If you don’t have the required components, you can use these compatible installers:
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- [Nginx Installer](https://git.x-files.dk/web-server/nginx-ubuntu)
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- [MariaDB Installer](https://git.x-files.dk/database-server/mariadb-ubuntu)
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---
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> **Important**
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> Always complete one installation fully (including the `/etc/gitea*/gitea-postinstall` step) before running another.
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---
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### Download the Script
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Clone this repository to your server:
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```
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git clone https://git.x-files.dk/web-application/gitea-ubuntu-multi.git
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```
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```
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cd gitea-ubuntu-multi
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```
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### Usage
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Run the script using:
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```
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sudo ./giteainstall -n <domain name> -p <gitea database password> [options]
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```
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### Examples
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The installer automatically detects if socket authentication is active.
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Only include `-a` and `-m` if your MariaDB setup does **not** use socket authentication.
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```
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sudo ./giteainstall -n git.example.com -p giteadbpass
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sudo ./giteainstall -n git.example.com -p giteadbpass -m rootpwd
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sudo ./giteainstall -n git.example.com -p giteadbpass -a admin -m adminpwd
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```
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---
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### Options
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| Flag | Description |
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|------|--------------|
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| `-p <password>` | Gitea database user password |
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| `-a <username>` | Optional MariaDB admin username (defaults to `root` if not specified) |
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| `-m <password>` | MariaDB root or admin password — *required only if socket authentication is disabled* |
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| `-h`, `--help` | Show the help screen (reflects detected socket status) |
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---
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### Logic
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When you run this script:
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- Each Gitea instance created by this script is **fully self-contained**.
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- Every instance has:
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- Its own **Linux system user** (e.g., `gitea1`, `gitea2`, `gitea3`, …)
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- Its own **database** (e.g., `gitea1db`, `gitea2db`, `gitea3db`, …)
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- Its own **service** (e.g., `gitea1.service`, `gitea2.service`, …)
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- Its own **home directory** (e.g., `/home/gitea1/`, `/home/gitea2/`, …)
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- Its own **configuration directory** (e.g., `/etc/gitea1/`, `/etc/gitea2/`, …)
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- Its own **data path** (e.g., `/var/lib/gitea1/`, `/var/lib/gitea2/`, …)
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- A unique **HTTP port** automatically assigned during post-install
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All instances share the same Gitea binary (`/usr/local/bin/gitea`),
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so upgrading Gitea is simply replacing that binary once.
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| Instance | System User | Database | Config Dir | Service | Port |
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|-----------|--------------|-----------|-------------|----------|-------|
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| 1st | `gitea1` | `gitea1db` | `/etc/gitea1/` | `gitea1.service` | 3001 |
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| 2nd | `gitea2` | `gitea2db` | `/etc/gitea2/` | `gitea2.service` | 3002 |
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| 3rd | `gitea3` | `gitea3db` | `/etc/gitea3/` | `gitea3.service` | 3003 |
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Each instance is assigned the next available ID automatically.
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---
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### Customization
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Each instance has its own configuration and customization paths:
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| Type | Path |
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|------|------|
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| Configuration | `/etc/giteaX/app.ini` |
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| Custom assets (favicon, logo, etc.) | `/etc/giteaX/custom/public/assets/img/` |
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| Custom templates | `/etc/giteaX/custom/templates/` |
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| Data & repositories | `/var/lib/giteaX/` |
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---
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### Configuration
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Once the script finishes, open your browser and visit:
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```
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http://<domain>
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```
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and complete the Gitea setup through the web installer form.
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---
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### Post-install
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After the web installer is done run:
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```bash
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sudo /etc/gitea*/gitea-postinstall
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```
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This adjusts ports, log levels, upload limits, disables SSH access and other tweaks.
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> **Note**
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> The web installer always uses temporary port 3000.
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> The postinstall script automatically reconfigures each instance to its permanent port.
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> SSH is disabled by default after post-install (modify `/etc/gitea*/app.ini` if needed).
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---
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### Nginx Integration
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The generated Gitea configuration file listens on port 80.
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To enable HTTPS (port 443), use the example provided [here](https://git.x-files.dk/xtras/nginxsnippets/src/branch/main/hostfiles/gitea.443.conf).
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> **IMPORTANT**
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> If you enable HTTPS, update `/etc/giteaX/app.ini` (`ROOT_URL` setting)
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> from `http` to `https`, then restart both Nginx and Gitea.
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> **NOTE**
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> The file also includes optional caching directives (commented out by default).
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> You can enable them to improve load times and performance if needed.
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> The lines you are looking for are at the bottom of the generated config file and look like this:
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> ```
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> ##### Cache js css static content and open files start #####################
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> # include /etc/nginx/nginxsnippets/cache-open-files.conf;
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> # include /etc/nginx/nginxsnippets/cache-statics.conf;
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> # include /etc/nginx/nginxsnippets/cache-js-css.conf;
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> ##### Cache js css static content and open files stop ######################
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> ```
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---
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### Version Handling
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This installer automatically checks the latest **Gitea version** from [https://dl.gitea.com/gitea/version.json](https://dl.gitea.com/gitea/version.json)
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If it fails, it falls back to the version number stored in the **`fallback`** file. That file contains one line, for example:
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```
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1.24.6
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```
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> **Why a separate file?**
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> Keeping the fallback version outside the script avoids polluting the code with constants.
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> This keeps updates clean and ensures the installer logic never changes just because a version bump is needed.
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---
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### Troubleshooting
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**Nginx fails to restart**
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Run `nginx -t` and review any syntax errors reported in `/etc/nginx/conf.d/<domain>.conf`.
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**Gitea front-end not loading**
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Run `systemctl status gitea nginx` and ensure both Gitea and Nginx services are active.
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**Access denied during database creation**
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Your MariaDB setup likely does not use socket authentication.
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Re-run the installer with the `-m` flag (and optionally `-a`) to provide credentials.
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---
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### FAQ
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**Q:** Why doesn’t the script ask for a MariaDB password by default?
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**A:** Ubuntu 24.04’s MariaDB installation defaults to *socket authentication*,
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allowing the local `root` user to connect without a password.
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The installer detects this automatically and skips password prompts when applicable.
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**Q:** Can I run the installer multiple times?
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**A:** Yes. Database and user creation use `IF NOT EXISTS`, making them safe to re-run.
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Existing configuration files are replaced, but no data is deleted.
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**Q:** Does this modify existing Nginx settings?
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**A:** No. It adds a standalone host file in `/etc/nginx/conf.d/`
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and validates configuration changes before applying them.
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---
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### More Information
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More guides and documentation can be found on [wiki.x-files.dk](https://wiki.x-files.dk)
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---
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### License
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Licensed under the [MIT License](./LICENSE)
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