gitea-ubuntu-multi/giteainstall

#!/usr/bin/env bash

# Author        : Allan Christensen
# First Created : 15-09-2022 (DD-MM-YYYY)
# Description   : Installs multiple isolated Gitea instances on Ubuntu 24.04
# License       : MIT License

#
# Are we root
#
if [[ $(id -u) -ne 0 ]]; then echo "" && echo "Must be root or use sudo" && echo "" ; exit ; fi

#
# Detect database engine (MariaDB or MySQL)
#
if systemctl list-unit-files | grep -q '^mariadb\.service'; then
    db_engine="mariadb"
    db_service="mariadb"
elif systemctl list-unit-files | grep -q '^mysql\.service'; then
    db_engine="mysql"
    db_service="mysql"
else
    printf "\nNo supported database server found.\n\n"
    exit 1
fi

#
# Check required services
#
phpfpm=$(systemctl list-unit-files --type=service | awk '/php[0-9]+\.[0-9]+-fpm\.service/ {sub(".service","",$1); print $1; exit}')
for svc in nginx "$db_service"; do systemctl is-active --quiet "$svc" || { printf "\n%s is not running, cannot continue...\n\n" "${svc^}" ; exit 1 ; }; done

#
# Detect socket authentication (local root access)
#
if mysql -u root -e ";" 2>/dev/null; then
    socketauth="yes"
else
    socketauth="no"
fi

#
# Variables
#
fallbackversion=$(<fallback)
giteadb_suffix="db"
gitealocation="/usr/local/bin/gitea"
nginxsnippets="/etc/nginx/nginx-snippets"
nginxrepo="https://git.x-files.dk/webserver/nginx-snippets.git"

#
# Port 3000 must be temporarily free for the Gitea web installer
#
installer_port=3000
if ss -tuln | grep -q ":${installer_port}\b"; then
    printf "\nPort %s appears to be in use.\n" "$installer_port"
    listener=$(ss -tulpn 2>/dev/null | awk -v port=":${installer_port}\\b" '$0 ~ port && /LISTEN/ {print $7}' | sed 's/users:(("//; s/",.*//')
    if [[ -n "$listener" ]]; then
        printf "Process using port %s : %s\n" "$installer_port" "$listener"
    fi
    printf "\nThis port is required temporarily by the Gitea web installer.\n"
    printf "Please free port %s before running this installer.\n\n" "$installer_port"
    exit 1
fi

#
# Usage
#
usage() {
    printf -- "\ngiteainstall multi instance\n\n"
    printf -- "Database engine detected: %s\n\n" "$db_engine"

    if [[ "$socketauth" == "yes" ]]; then
        printf -- "LOCAL ROOT ACCESS DETECTED — no need for -a or -m\n\n"
        printf -- "Installs multiple Gitea instances using local socket authentication.\n\n"
        printf -- "Usage:\n"
        printf -- "  sudo ./giteainstall -n <gitea domain> -p <gitea database password>\n\n"
        printf -- "Example:\n"
        printf -- "  sudo ./giteainstall -n git1.example.com -p gitea1dbpwd\n\n"
    else
        printf -- "NO LOCAL ROOT ACCESS — you must use -a and -m\n\n"
        printf -- "Installs multiple Gitea instances using database admin credentials.\n\n"
        printf -- "Usage:\n"
        printf -- "  sudo ./giteainstall -n <gitea domain> -p <gitea database password> -a <adminuser> -m <adminpwd>\n\n"
        printf -- "Examples:\n"
        printf -- "  sudo ./giteainstall -n git2.example.com -p gitea2dbpwd -a root -m rootpwd\n"
        printf -- "  sudo ./giteainstall -n git3.example.com -p gitea3dbpwd -a admin -m adminpwd\n\n"
    fi

    printf -- "Options:\n"
    printf -- "  -h | -help | --help   Show this help screen\n\n"
}

#
# Let's go
#
clear

#
# Help traps
#
firstarg="${1:-}"
if [[ "$firstarg" == "-help" || "$firstarg" == "--help" ]]; then usage ; exit 0 ; fi
if [[ $# -eq 0 || ! "$firstarg" =~ ^- ]]; then usage ; exit 1 ; fi

#
# Configure command line options
#
while getopts "n:p:a:m:h" option; do
    case "$option" in
        n) hostname=$(echo "$OPTARG" | tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]');;
        p) dbpass="$OPTARG";;
        a) db_admin_user="$OPTARG";;
        m) db_admin_pwd="$OPTARG";;
        h) usage ; exit 0 ;;
        \?) printf "Type sudo %s -h for help\n" "$0" ; exit 1 ;;
    esac
done

#
# Validate input
#
if [[ -z "${hostname:-}" || -z "${dbpass:-}" ]]; then
    usage
    printf "\nERROR: Both -n (domain) and -p (database password) are required.\n\n"
    exit 1
fi

#
# Normalise DB admin defaults
#
db_admin_user="${db_admin_user:-root}"

#
# If no socket auth, require admin password
#
if [[ "$socketauth" == "no" && -z "${db_admin_pwd:-}" ]]; then
    usage
    printf "\nERROR: No local root access detected — you must provide -a and -m.\n\n"
    exit 1
fi

#
# Ensure required tools
#
for tool in curl git; do dpkg -s "$tool" &>/dev/null || apt install -y -qq "$tool" ; done

#
# Check for the latest Gitea version
#
version=$(curl -fsSL https://dl.gitea.com/gitea/version.json | grep -oP '"version"\s*:\s*"\K[^"]+')
if [[ -z "$version" ]]; then
    printf "Could not determine latest version. Falling back to version %s\n\n" "$fallbackversion"
    version="$fallbackversion"
fi
printf "\nUsing Gitea version: %s\n" "$version"

#
# Download gitea binary if not already present (non-interactive)
#
if [[ ! -x "$gitealocation" ]]; then
    curl -fL "https://dl.gitea.com/gitea/${version}/gitea-${version}-linux-amd64" -o "$gitealocation" \
        || { printf "\nDownload failed.\n\n" ; exit 1 ; }
    chmod 755 "$gitealocation"
fi

#
# Clone nginx-snippets; if it exists then pull latest
#
if [[ -d "$nginxsnippets/.git" ]]; then
    git -C "$nginxsnippets" pull --quiet
else
    git clone --quiet "$nginxrepo" "$nginxsnippets"
fi

#
# Auto-increment instance number (gitea1, gitea2, ...)
#
mkdir -p /var/lib/gitea
counter_file="/var/lib/gitea/giteausercount"
[[ ! -f "$counter_file" ]] && printf "0\n" > "$counter_file"
current=$(cat "$counter_file")
next=$((current + 1))
printf "%s\n" "$next" > "$counter_file"

giteauser="gitea${next}"
gitea_db="${giteauser}${giteadb_suffix}"
final_port=$((3000 + next))

#
# Basic collision protection
#
if id "$giteauser" &>/dev/null; then
    printf "\nERROR: User %s already exists — refusing to continue.\n\n" "$giteauser"
    exit 1
fi

if [[ -d "/var/lib/$giteauser" || -d "/etc/$giteauser" ]]; then
    printf "\nERROR: Instance paths already exist for %s — refusing to continue.\n\n" "$giteauser"
    exit 1
fi

if [[ -f "/etc/nginx/conf.d/${hostname}.conf" ]]; then
    printf "\nERROR: A configuration file already exists for %s.\n" "$hostname"
    printf "Refusing to overwrite existing site.\n\n"
    exit 1
fi

#
# Create Gitea system user
#
adduser --system --group --disabled-password --shell /bin/bash --home /home/$giteauser --gecos 'Git Version Control' $giteauser
mkdir -p /home/$giteauser/.ssh
chown -R $giteauser:$giteauser /home/$giteauser
chmod 700 /home/$giteauser/.ssh

#
# Create Gitea data structure
#
mkdir -p /var/lib/$giteauser/{custom,data,indexers,public,log}
chown "$giteauser":"$giteauser" /var/lib/$giteauser/{data,indexers,log}
chmod 750 /var/lib/$giteauser/{data,indexers,log}
mkdir -p /var/lib/$giteauser/custom/{templates,public/assets/img}

#
# Create /etc/$giteauser and its custom directory
#
mkdir -p /etc/$giteauser/custom
chown root:"$giteauser" /etc/$giteauser
chmod 770 /etc/$giteauser
chown -R "$giteauser":"$giteauser" /etc/$giteauser/custom
chmod -R 750 /etc/$giteauser/custom

#
# Create database and user
#
printf "\nCreating database: %s\n" "$gitea_db"
if [[ "$socketauth" == "yes" ]]; then
    mysql -u root <<EOF
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS $gitea_db;
CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS '$giteauser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$dbpass';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON $gitea_db.* TO '$giteauser'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EOF
else
    mysql -u "$db_admin_user" -p"$db_admin_pwd" <<EOF
CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS $gitea_db;
CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS '$giteauser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '$dbpass';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON $gitea_db.* TO '$giteauser'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EOF
fi

#
# Create temporary Nginx configuration file using port 3000 for web installer
#
cp "$nginxsnippets/hostfiles/gitea-multi.80.conf" /etc/nginx/conf.d/"$hostname".conf
sed -i -- "s/DOMAIN/$hostname/g" /etc/nginx/conf.d/"$hostname".conf
sed -i "s/GITEAPORT/3000/g" /etc/nginx/conf.d/"$hostname".conf
sed -i "s/GITEAUSER/$giteauser/g" /etc/nginx/conf.d/"$hostname".conf
systemctl reload nginx

#
# Create systemd service (temporary: always runs installer on 3000)
#
cat > /etc/systemd/system/$giteauser.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Gitea Multi-Instance: $giteauser
After=syslog.target network.target
Requires=${db_service}.service

[Service]
LimitMEMLOCK=infinity
LimitNOFILE=65535
RestartSec=2s
Type=simple
User=$giteauser
Group=$giteauser
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/$giteauser/
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/gitea web -c /etc/$giteauser/app.ini
Restart=always
Environment=USER=$giteauser HOME=/home/$giteauser GITEA_WORK_DIR=/var/lib/$giteauser GITEA_CUSTOM=/var/lib/$giteauser/custom

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable "$giteauser"
systemctl start "$giteauser"

#
# Create postinstall script (moves port 3000 -> final port and locks down settings)
#
postscript="/etc/$giteauser/gitea-postinstall"
cat > "$postscript" <<EOF
#!/usr/bin/env bash
if [[ \$(id -u) -ne 0 ]]; then printf "\\nMust be root or use sudo.\\n\\n" ; exit 1 ; fi

hostname="$hostname"
giteauser="$giteauser"
final_port="$final_port"

cp -Rp /etc/\$giteauser/app.ini /etc/\$giteauser/app.ini.orig

# Switch HTTP_PORT from 3000 to final instance port
sed -i -E "s/^HTTP_PORT *= *3000/HTTP_PORT = \$final_port/" /etc/\$giteauser/app.ini

# A few sane defaults (keep your existing pattern)
sed -i '/gitea-repositories/a MAX_FILES = 500' /etc/\$giteauser/app.ini
sed -i '/gitea-repositories/a FILE_MAX_SIZE = 200' /etc/\$giteauser/app.ini
sed -i 's/LEVEL     = info/LEVEL     = warn/' /etc/\$giteauser/app.ini
sed -i 's/MODE      = console/MODE      = file/' /etc/\$giteauser/app.ini
sed -i 's/DISABLE_SSH = false/DISABLE_SSH = true/' /etc/\$giteauser/app.ini

cat >> /etc/\$giteauser/app.ini <<'INNER_EOF'
[ui.admin]
USER_PAGING_NUM = 50
REPO_PAGING_NUM = 50
NOTICE_PAGING_NUM = 25
ORG_PAGING_NUM = 25

[ui.user]
USER_PAGING_NUM = 50
REPO_PAGING_NUM = 50
NOTICE_PAGING_NUM = 25
ORG_PAGING_NUM = 25

[ui]
THEMES = gitea-auto, gitea-light, gitea-dark
EXPLORE_PAGING_DEFAULT_SORT = alphabetically

[other]
SHOW_FOOTER_POWERED_BY = false
SHOW_FOOTER_VERSION = false
SHOW_FOOTER_TEMPLATE_LOAD_TIME = false
ENABLE_FEED = false
INNER_EOF

# Update Nginx proxy to final assigned port
sed -i "s/127\\.0\\.0\\.1:3000/127.0.0.1:\$final_port/" /etc/nginx/conf.d/\$hostname.conf
systemctl reload nginx

# Restart Gitea instance
systemctl restart \$giteauser

# Remove postinstall script once it has run
rm -f "$postscript"
EOF

chmod 755 "$postscript"

#
# Web installer + postinstall notice
#
dbhost="127.0.0.1"
[[ "$socketauth" == "yes" ]] && dbhost="localhost"

clear
cat <<EOF
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
NEXT STEP — WEB INSTALLER

Complete the Gitea web installer here. During initial setup, Gitea runs on port 3000:

http://$hostname:3000/

Database configuration (Gitea web installer):

Database Type : MySQL
Database Host : $dbhost
Database Name : $gitea_db
Database User : $giteauser
Database Pass : $dbpass

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IMPORTANT — POST INSTALL (REQUIRED)

After completing the web installer and logging in for the first time,
you MUST run the postinstall script:

sudo /etc/$giteauser/gitea-postinstall

This will move the instance from port 3000 to port $final_port and finalize setup.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
EOF

#
# All done
#
printf "\nAll Done...\n"

#
# End of script
#